Prepare to be amazed as we delve into the fascinating chemical reaction that occurs when ammonium dichromate is burnt. This visually striking event, often demonstrated in educational settings, offers a captivating glimpse into the world of exothermic reactions and the transformation of matter. Understanding what happens when ammonium dichromate is burnt reveals a dramatic change in its chemical composition, producing a vibrant display of energy and new substances.
The Volcano in Miniature What Happens When Ammonium Dichromate Is Burnt
The burning of ammonium dichromate, often called the “volcano experiment” due to its appearance, is a dramatic example of a redox reaction. When ignited, the ammonium dichromate undergoes a rapid decomposition. This process releases a significant amount of heat and light, making it a visually impressive phenomenon. The key to this reaction lies in the inherent instability of ammonium dichromate. It contains both an oxidizing agent (dichromate ion, Cr2O72-) and a reducing agent (ammonium ion, NH4+) within the same compound, allowing it to react with itself.
The chemical equation for this reaction is:
- (NH4)2Cr2O7(s) → Cr2O3(s) + N2(g) + 4H2O(g)
This equation shows that the solid ammonium dichromate transforms into a powdery green solid, chromium(III) oxide, nitrogen gas, and water vapor. The intense heat generated causes the water to turn into steam, contributing to the “erupting” effect. The production of these new substances and the release of energy are the hallmarks of a chemical change.
Here’s a breakdown of the products and their properties:
| Product | State | Appearance |
|---|---|---|
| Chromium(III) oxide | Solid | Green powder |
| Nitrogen gas | Gas | Colorless, odorless |
| Water vapor | Gas | Invisible steam |
The speed and intensity of the reaction can be influenced by factors such as the purity of the ammonium dichromate and the way it is ignited. It’s a powerful demonstration of how chemical bonds can break and reform, releasing stored energy.
To explore further the scientific principles behind this captivating reaction and to understand the chemistry of redox processes, we encourage you to refer to the detailed explanations provided in the subsequent sections.